Year: 2020

I was almost  overwhelmed with points of contact and parallel as I read this chapter.  There is a wonderful promise that the people will come back and inherit the land that had been abandoned.  I can’t help but think of the sanctuary that has been “abandoned” and is now ready to be inhabited, safely.  Look at vs.10 and I sense a commonality as I read: “He who scattered FPC will gather him, and will keep him as a shepherd a flock.”  

Look at vs.7 and we see that the Lord is commanding his people to sing aloud with gladness.  We read the words: “Save, O Lord, your people.”  These words, save, O Lord, in the Hebrew is literally Hosanna.  They are the same words that we hear the people proclaim as they welcome Jesus into Jerusalem  which propels him then in a few days to the cross.  But it is on that cross where we find the culmination of what Jeremiah mentions later in this chapter beginning in vs.31.

In this chapter and starting at vs.31 we read about the new covenant that God will establish with His people and it is a covenant that is not written on stone like the 10 commandments, but it is written on our hearts.  He will be our God and we will be God’s people, and not as a result of us being reminded that we have to do the right thing but rather because God has placed in our hearts and in our lives his presence.  The promise that we find in this covenant is that: “I will forgive their iniquity, and remember their sin no more.”  This is why we do what we do, because we are celebrating the fact that our sin has been forgiven and washed clean forever.  

Keep in mind that this is being foretold from of old.  The coming of Jesus in our hearts is being told by Jeremiah to a people who are living in captivity and bondage and are in desperate need of hearing words of hope.  They were not able to worship God in the Temple, because they were in exile, so God allows us to remember that we can worship God in the family called the church which is found all  over the world.  We now are not able to worship in the church building, but that has not, and it should not ever, prevent us from worshiping God in person wherever we find ourselves, until that day when we can worship together in this building that we call a sanctuary with the people  that we call the church.

There is a bit of a graphic image of men holding their “loins” as if they were women in labor that makes our “face turn pale”.  The question that is asked is: “Can a man bear a child?”  There is so much distress in Babylon as people are in captivity that men are acting in ways that has never been seen before.  But look at vs.8 and you see the promise of God comes as he says that he will break that yoke from off the neck of the Israelites.  Remember the yoke that Jeremiah was wearing which was wooden but then was broken by the false priests and God replaced it with an iron one?  He promises that this one shall also be broken and that even the Babylonians will serve God.

The rest of this chapter is one of assurance that even while there is pain in the evening, joy shall come in the morning.  The restoration of the fortunes of Jacob is going to be coming, we hear in vs.18.  I think I hear a little bit of a promise for us as we look forward to worshiping in person on October 18.  Can these words apply to us as well?  “Out of them shall come thanksgiving, and the sound of merrymaking.  I will make them many, and they shall not be few.  Their children shall be as of old, their congregation shall be established before me.  You shall be my people and I will be your God.”  What a wonderfully assuring Scripture this is.

Jeremiah is given a message by God to speak to the people who are in exile.  He tells them to basically get used to your surroundings.  Do not pay attention to any priest or anyone who says that they come in the name of the Lord and then tells you that pretty soon this time of captivity where Babylon is your master and you are the slave, is going to be over.  Rather, go ahead and build strong houses and gardens and plan on having kids and probably grandkids, and you will need to prepare a tombstone and just basically make this place your home.  Also, say nice things about the people who are in power, even if you are their slaves.  He says in vs.7: “Seek the welfare of the city.”  

Keep in mind this is the city in which they are currently living which is a strange and foreign city in a strange and foreign land.  They are in Babylon and Jeremiah tells them that they are going to be there for at least another 70 years.  As you would imagine the priests who were puppets back in Jerusalem hear about this and are furious because they think the time will pass quickly and want Jeremiah to be quiet about what he is saying.  What gives him the right to preach doom and gloom?

Jeremiah has an adversary in the priestly ranks and that is Shemaiah of Nehelam who has prophesied that Jeremiah is a madman whose words should not be taken seriously.  He has told the high priest, Zephaniah, to rebuke Jeremiah.  Jeremiah, on his account, tells the high priest that God just told him that this Shemaiah and his descendants shall not have anyone living among his  people.  They will all die because he has lied that this time in Babylon will be short.  It will not be short.  Make yourself comfortable.

Now, the most popular words in this chapter are seen in vs.11 where we read: “For surely I know the plans that I have for you, says the Lord, plans for your welfare and not for harm, to give you a future with hope.”  Notice that they currently were in a  position where their only future was on that was incredibly bleak.  There was no hope as they were exiles.  But God promises that their future will be one of hope.

Nothing like a little competition to grab your interest.  Jeremiah is not the only prophet who was under the king’s court, but it seems like he was the only prophet who was speaking the words of the Lord.  Remember, Jeremiah’s latest metaphor is the wooden yoke that he is carrying around Jerusalem to remind the people of Judah and the leaders of Judah that they are to succumb and yield to the king of Babylon and let him have his way.

Well along comes Hananiah who physically takes the yoke from the shoulders of Jeremiah and breaks it and says the word of the Lord came to me and said that in two years the king of Babylon will fall so rise up and turn against the king and God will be on your side.  He will return the exiled king and make him rule over the land and he will return the ark of the covenant to the temple.  Well, without his yoke Jeremiah turns away and walks away and is probably thinking, that certainly doesn’t sound like what God told me.  But this  guy is a prophet of the king and so maybe, just maybe, God is going in a different direction.

In fact, God comes to Jeremiah again and tells him that in place of a wooden yoke God is now going to place an iron yoke that will not and cannot be broken.  He speaks directly to Hananiah and calls him a liar for saying that he was speaking the words of the Lord.  In fact, because he did that he would die within the year.  That’s how this chapter ends.  Hananiah does end up dying before the end of the year.  I guess Jeremiah won that battle.  It does remind me of a bit of the battle between Elijah and the prophets of Baal.  They also met their doom because they went against the Word of the Lord.

So, remember when Harrison Ford was looking for the Ark of the Covenant in Raiders of the Lost Ark?  Well, this is our best guess as to where the ark ended up, in Babylon.  We read in this chapter that all the instruments of the temple will be taken up to Babylon and then later one day returned.  Well, it is thought that they made their way there, but they never returned.  Look at vs. 18-22 where we see that some of the vessels of the temple had already gone, not all of them, but it is foretold that they would be going and then coming back.  

We see another metaphor used in this chapter.  The metaphor of the yoke where Jeremiah is told to give a very, very strange message to the surrounding countries.  He was told to tell the surrounding countries, including Judah and Israel, that they should submit to Babylon as an ox submits to the yoke and that way they could remain in the land and not be destroyed.  Can you imagine God telling his prophet that you need to allow a foreign country to come in and take you over and submit to them?  In fact, it gets even worse.  God calls the king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, his “servant” in vs.6, and that he has given him not only all the land, but also all the wild animals as well.  

But there is a bit of a silver lining.   Look at vs.7: “All the nations shall serve him and his son and his grandson, until the time of his own land comes; then many nations and great kings shall make him their slave.”  Bide your time, for now allow him to rule and allow him to put you under this yoke.  But the time will come when all of this will be reversed.  If you fight it then it will only be worse for you and you will not survive to see the day when things are reversed.  It is quite a message to give to the people of God.  Let another nation take you over for that is God’s will.  Can you imagine that being the message today to the people of the US?  Give up your land because it is God’s will.  Don’t worry, you’ll see a reversal soon enough.  Yeah, I don’t see that as being well received.

Jeremiah moves his setting from the king’s palace, or at least from addressing the king and the people in the last chapter, to the temple gate.  He spoke in public to all the people who were entering the temple and told them to repent or else God would strike them all down.  He sounds a lot like John the Baptist who came preaching a Gospel of repentance.  As a result of his speaking publicly in the temple all of the priests, the people, and the prophets of the king said that he should die.  They all gathered around him in the temple looking to kill him.  

As a result of this hub bub the king comes to hear what is going on.  So now we move from the religious leaders condemning him to death to the political leader looking to see what the problem is.  In front of the political leaders he tells them all the same story as before, but this time emphasizing that all that he is saying has been given to him by the Lord.  Look at the change in heart that the people have in this chapter: vs.8 “all the people laid hold of him saying – ‘You shall die!'” and then in vs. 16 “all the people said… ‘This man does not deserve the sentence of death.'”

So what changed?  A couple things.  First of all he invoked the name of the Lord.  Secondly, and for the first and only time in Scripture, we see another prophet invoked as someone who prophesied destruction and as a result turned the people and their hearts around back to the Lord.  Look at Micah 3:12 and you see that this Scripture is quoted by the people as what changed the course of history and changed the relationship of God with God’s people, at least in that day.  But then we hear of another prophet who did exactly what Jeremiah did, preach against the city and the temple because of their unfaithfulness, who then fled from Egypt, was tracked down by the secret service and poisoned to death and died in Germany.  Wait, no, that’s Russia taking out their enemies of the state.  But this prophet was tracked down, brought back from Egypt, and then killed by the current king Jehoiakim.  

We see that Jeremiah is saved by a guy named Ahikam who had his  back so he was saved.  

We get a bit of biographical data in regards to when Jeremiah was ministering.  We read, which we already knew from the beginning of this book of the Bible, that Jeremiah began in the 13th year of King Josiah and has served for 23 years since then all the way to the fourth year of King Jehoiakim, Josiah’s son.  So he had 19 years with Josiah and 4 years with Jehoiakim, which is when things started to go poorly.   Josiah was an awesome king.  Jehoiakim, not so much.

Today, this is the 4th year that he was with Jehoiakim, and he is giving a bit of a recap of why we find ourselves in this situation of deportation and exile.  God said that if you would repent and turn away from the other gods then he would save you.  Just like he saved Nineveh, do you not think that he would save you?  (I added the whole Nineveh thing in there.  But there is a stark parallel where we can see that God’s word is true.  If he says that He will save you if you repent, we have proof that he will save you even to a people who were so far removed from being “His” people in the Ninevites.

But since the people of God refused to turn away from their foreign gods then God was going to rain down destruction on them.  “I will utterly destroy them.”  God always follows through.  The object lesson that he uses is that of a cup of the wine of wrath.  Jeremiah makes God’s people drink from that cup because they were not faithful to God.  As a result, what they thought would bring mirth actually brought destruction.  Not a great image and not a great vision for us as we recognize that we also fall very short of the glory of God.  But the difference for us is that we have one who even while we were yet sinners, died for us so that we would be saved in spite of our sin.  Glory be to God for Jesus!

The book of Jeremiah is full of metaphors that God gives to Jeremiah in order to interpret what is coming next for the nation of Israel.  Today we have a basket or two of figs.  One basket is filled with very good figs and the other basket is filled with really bad figs.  As an aside, I do not like figs.  Stacy loves figs, Bethany loves figs, I do not like figs.  We lived in Italy and right outside of our door we had these beautiful fig trees which gave out beautiful, supposedly, delicious figs.  I do not like figs.  

But back to the metaphor.  God says that the good figs represent the exiles from Israel who went exiled first to the land of the Chaldeans, which was just north of Israel.  Keep in mind Jeremiah is writing while there is an exile in progress.  Most of the people of Israel have been deported and kicked out of the region with only a small remnant and a puppet king, Zedekiah of Judah, who has remained.  God says the good figs are those who were exiled first.  They are probably the same people who said in Psalm 137: How can we sing the Lord’s song in a foreign land?  God loved this people, they still loved God.  So they are good figs because God will protect them and keep them and one day they will inherit the land once again.

The bad figs were those who remained in Judah and Israel and were just doing the will of those who had conquered, which included worshiping false gods.  They would be utterly destroyed.  The bad figs were not even edible.  The people who were currently living in the land were not even able to be called children of God they were so corrupt.  

This is a song from Don McClain.

Whenever you see the word “shepherd” it is a direct reference to the pastors who are overseeing the sheep in their  midst.  We find in Ezekiel and other books of the Bible where the shepherds are depicted as just being interested in their own well being and so are not focused on ensuring that the pastoral care that should be taking place was not taking place.  There is a warning against those who are in this “business” of taking care of the religious and spiritual needs of people and yet they choose to take care of their own needs.

There is a direct transition as we go from vs.23 where God asks a rhetorical question: “Am I a God near by?”  God is able to see all that we do and all that we say and know all that we think.  God is angry because the prophets, the shepherds, are trying to say that God is speaking to them through dreams, and they are saying: The word of the Lord, but in fact it is not God’s word.  God’s Word is not to be misrepresented.  We find this in vs.31: “See, I am against the prophets, says the Lord, who use their own tongues and say, “Says the Lord.”  We need to be careful to not invest in our own desires and place them at the feet of God as if it is God who desires these things and not us.

There does seem to be a bit of an emphasis in looking out for those who have been robbed.  We see a hint of this in chapter 21:12 and now it is raised again in vs.3 that God will act with justice and righteousness for those who have been robbed.  Then the verses continue in speaking up for the orphan and the widow and the alien.  This does seem like a bit of a disjointed blast to the past where God says if you obey my commands then you will be able to live out your life in prosperity and peace just like King David did.  Now, we already know that this is a bit like water passed under the bridge.  The people have not been faithful, they have turned their back, they are not acting with justice and righteousness to either the victims of robberies, or the widows, or the orphans, or the aliens.

There is then a historical drop with Shallum who was serving as king but was carried away into captivity into Babylon.  He was the son of Josiah who was a great reformer and brought the people closer to the Lord by the rediscovery of the law.  But his son was not like his father.  He did lead the people away from the Lord like so many other of the kings of that time.  

We then get into a castigation of those who are in construction and are cheating their way into prosperity.   Look at vs.13 where we read: “Woe to him who builds his house by unrighteousness, and his upper rooms by injustice; who makes his neighbors work for nothing, and does not give them their wages.”  Now, I am assuming that this is not a literal dig at construction workers but rather at any who build their wealth in a way that they bury those under them.

There is a mournful cry as we read: “O land, land, land…”  There is a mourning that the land was literally lost and taken over by another population.  You can palpably sense the loss that is being expressed through those words.  There is a sense that at this time in the history of our nation I want to call out and say the same words: “O land, land, land…”  Not because we are being overtaken by another nation or another people, but because we are seeing the land rent asunder by our own actions and our own turning our back on the Lord.